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Kinetic Steering of Amyloid Formation and Polymorphism by Canagliflozin, a Type-2 Diabetes Drug
This study used ligand-based virtual screening to find approved drugs similar to the known inhibitor YX-I-1, and showed that the type-2 diabetes drug canagliflozin strongly delays islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) amyloid formation independently of its SGLT2-inhibitor action. Combining aggregation kinetics, biophysical binding measurements and cryo-EM, the authors show these compounds bind IAPP monomers and early intermediates, remodeling nucleation and steering assembly toward distinct fibril polymorphs. Flow Induced Dispersion Analysis (FIDA), with Taylor Dispersion Analysis (TDA), was used in a supporting role for compound solubility screening and to measure hydrodynamic radius (Rh), confirming compounds and IAPP stayed monomeric. It is an example of using FIDA/TDA to check small-molecule solubility and confirm a protein remains monomeric during aggregation studies.